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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
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Effectiveness of Reducing Craving in Alcohol Use Disorder Using a Serious Game (SALIENCE): Randomized Controlled

Antonia Weber1, Yury Shevchenko1,2, Sarah Gerhardt1

  • 1Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

JMIR Formative Research
|November 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study found that the SALIENCE serious game did not significantly reduce alcohol craving overall. However, it showed greater craving reduction in individuals with lower drinking due to negative situations, highlighting personalized therapy needs.

Keywords:
alcoholalcohol approach biasalcohol attentional biasalcohol use disorderattentioncognitive bias modification therapycravingcue-exposure therapydecision-makingdecision-making trainingincentive salienceserious gamestherapytraining

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Alcohol use disorder (AUD) presents a significant global health challenge.
  • Effective therapies for AUD remain difficult to establish.
  • Computer-based training is emerging as a valuable tool in addiction treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the web-based serious game SALIENCE as an adjunctive therapy for AUD.
  • To assess SALIENCE's impact on craving, attention, and cognitive bias.
  • To combine cue-exposure therapy with decision-making training using interactive elements.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial with 49 AUD participants over 3 weeks.
  • Intervention group (27 participants) received SALIENCE training (30 min, 3x/week).
  • Neuropsychological tasks and questionnaires assessed craving, attention, and cognitive bias pre- and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • No significant overall decrease in craving was observed between groups.
  • Multiple linear regression indicated SALIENCE significantly decreased craving (β=4.12, P=.03).
  • Individuals drinking less in negative situations showed greater craving reduction with SALIENCE (β=.38, P=.005).

Conclusions:

  • SALIENCE's general effectiveness in reducing alcohol craving was not confirmed.
  • SALIENCE demonstrated a larger craving reduction when considering individual differences.
  • The study underscores the importance of individualized AUD therapy, particularly for those with negative affect-driven drinking.