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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Isolation and Characterization of Equine Submucosal Enteric Glia &#8212; Implications for Preventing Postoperative Complications in Colic Surgery
08:07

Author Spotlight: Isolation and Characterization of Equine Submucosal Enteric Glia — Implications for Preventing Postoperative Complications in Colic Surgery

Published on: October 4, 2024

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Risk factors associated with development of colitis in horses post-exploratory laparotomy.

Stephanie A Givan1, Krista E Estell1, Javier Martinez-Lopez1

  • 1Virginia Tech Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center - Internal Medicine, Leesburg, Virginia, USA.

Equine Veterinary Journal
|November 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Postoperative colitis in horses is linked to longer hospital stays but not reduced survival. Key risk factors include pelvic flexure enterotomy, abnormal white blood cell counts, and elevated lactate levels.

Keywords:
celiotomycolitiscolonhorseintestinelaparotomy

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Surgery
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Colitis diagnosis significantly impacts morbidity and mortality in hospitalized horses.
  • Incidence of infectious colitis following exploratory laparotomy remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with the development of colitis post-exploratory laparotomy.
  • To investigate risk factors for infectious colitis following equine exploratory laparotomy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study analyzing medical records of 504 equids from 2011-2020.
  • Logistic regression and bivariable analyses assessed associations between risk factors and colitis.
  • Primary outcome: diagnosis of colitis post-exploratory laparotomy.

Main Results:

  • 8.3% of equids (42/504) developed postoperative colitis.
  • Significant risk factors for colitis included pelvic flexure enterotomy (OR=3.7), postoperative leukopenia/leukocytosis (OR=21.2), and plasma lactate 2.0-4.0 mmol/L (OR=3.0).
  • Colitis patients experienced longer hospitalizations (9 vs. 7 days) but had similar survival to discharge rates (95% vs. 93%).

Conclusions:

  • Postoperative colitis in horses is associated with increased hospitalization duration but not decreased survival.
  • Pelvic flexure enterotomy, altered white blood cell counts, and elevated plasma lactate are significant risk factors.
  • Infectious colitis risk factors could not be determined due to testing protocol variations and low case numbers.