Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 11, 2025
09:44
Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon
Published on: October 16, 2018
10.2K
Analyzing the scale dependent effect of urban building morphology on land surface temperature using random forest
1School of Management, Wuhan Donghu University, N301, Wenhua Avenue, Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430212, People's Republic of China. Hanwq@wdu.edu.cn.
Scientific Reports
|November 7, 2023
Summary
Urban structures significantly impact land surface temperature (LST). Building density, mean building height, and compactness are key factors, with strategies like increasing building height and arranging smaller buildings mitigating heat.
Area of Science:
- Urban Climatology
- Environmental Science
- Sustainable Architecture
Background:
- Urban densification necessitates understanding urban structures' thermal impacts for climate-adaptive design.
- Land surface temperature (LST) variability is influenced by complex urban morphology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the relative importance and interdependent effects of urban spatial factors on LST variability.
- To identify optimal neighborhood scales for assessing these impacts.
Main Methods:
- Random forest and partial dependence plots were used to analyze relationships.
- Six spatial factors (building density, mean building height, etc.) were calculated at various grid scales (90m to 900m).
Main Results:
- Building density, mean building height, and mean compactness factor showed stable, significant impacts on LST, with highest accuracy at a 600m scale.
- Floor area ratio and building volume density had the least correlation with LST changes.
- Building density had a linear positive effect on LST, while mean building height and mean compactness factor had nonlinear correlations with identified cooling effect thresholds.
Conclusions:
- Building density, mean building height, and mean compactness factor are crucial for LST regulation.
- Strategies for ground heat mitigation include controlling building density, arranging more small-volume buildings, and increasing building height to enhance shadow coverage.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Survival Tree
88
Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a...
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a...
88
01:04Random Error
896
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
896
01:16Response Surface Methodology
146
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques used to develop, improve, and optimize processes. It is particularly valuable when many input variables or factors potentially influence a response variable.
The process of RSM involves several key steps:
The process of RSM involves several key steps:
146
01:11Regression Analysis
5.7K
Regression analysis is a statistical tool that describes a mathematical relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
In regression analysis, a regression equation is determined based on the line of best fit– a line that best fits the data points plotted in a graph. This line is also called the regression line. The algebraic equation for the regression line is called the regression equation. It is represented as:
In regression analysis, a regression equation is determined based on the line of best fit– a line that best fits the data points plotted in a graph. This line is also called the regression line. The algebraic equation for the regression line is called the regression equation. It is represented as:
5.7K
01:14Temperature Measurement Sites
1.7K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
1.7K
01:17Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
51
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
51