Role of coronary arteries in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Interventional Cardiology
• Cardiac Electrophysiology

Background:

• Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a critical event often linked to coronary artery disease.
• Understanding the specific coronary artery involvement in SCA survivors is crucial for risk stratification and management.
• Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a primary concern in patients experiencing SCA.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence and pattern of coronary artery involvement in patients who survived sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).
• To assess the role of different coronary arteries in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients post-SCA survival.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 203 SCA survivors was conducted.
• Baseline demographic and clinical data were collected, including age, sex, BMI, and history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension.
• Coronary angiography was performed within five days of hospital admission for SCA.

Main Results:

• The study included 203 patients with an average age of 52.61±11.09 years (68.97% male).
• ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was diagnosed in 64.53% of patients, and Non-STEMI in 35.47%.
• Coronary angiography revealed significant involvement of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery in 85.71% of patients, followed by the right coronary artery (RCA) in 43.35%, left circumflex artery (LCX) in 20.20%, and left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) in 14.29%.

Conclusions:

• The left anterior descending (LAD) artery demonstrates the most frequent involvement among coronary arteries in patients who have survived sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).
• These findings underscore the critical role of the LAD artery in the pathophysiology of SCA, particularly in the context of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).