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Exploring the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and comorbid heart disease in Americans with mood disorders:

Maleeha Habib1, Sanobar Jaka2, Sandesh Pokhrel3

  • 1St. George's University School of Medicine, True Blue, St. George's, Grenada.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|November 8, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Vitamin D deficiency is not linked to heart disease in mood disorder patients. Depressive disorders and other psychiatric conditions increase heart disease risk in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Mood disorders, including depressive and bipolar disorders, are prevalent in adult inpatients.
  • Comorbid heart disease poses a significant health risk to individuals with mood disorders.
  • The role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of heart disease within this population remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and comorbid heart disease in adult inpatients diagnosed with depressive or bipolar disorders.
  • To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with heart disease in mood disorder patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing a large nationwide inpatient dataset of 910,561 adult inpatients (aged 18-50).
  • Patients were diagnosed with depressive or bipolar disorders and categorized by the presence of comorbid heart disease.
  • Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine odds ratios (OR) for demographic features, comorbidities, and vitamin D deficiency in relation to heart disease.

Main Results:

  • Comorbid heart disease was identified in 1.3% of inpatients with mood disorders, predominantly affecting middle-aged White men.
  • Inpatients with depressive disorder exhibited a higher risk of comorbid heart disease (OR 1.19) compared to those with bipolar disorders.
  • While initial analysis suggested a correlation between vitamin D deficiency and heart disease (OR 1.26), this association lost statistical significance after adjusting for confounding factors (OR 1.08).
  • Trauma-related (OR 1.22) and tobacco-related (OR 1.31) disorders were significantly associated with an increased risk of comorbid heart disease.

Conclusions:

  • Middle-aged men with depressive disorders and those from low-income families face a higher risk of developing comorbid heart disease.
  • Trauma-related and tobacco-related disorders are linked to a 20-30% increased risk of heart disease in mood disorder patients.
  • Vitamin D deficiency was not found to be significantly associated with the risk of comorbid heart disease after controlling for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors.
Abstract

Keywords:
bipolar disorderheart diseasemajor depressive disordermood disordertobacco-related disorderstrauma-related disordersvitamin D deficiency

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