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Quasi-2D Model to Predict Solid Microstructure in Drying Thin Films.

Jesse L Starger1, Aaron T Fafarman1, Jason B Baxter1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|November 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models thin film coating formation, revealing that evaporation and aspect ratio significantly impact microstructure. These findings offer a process map for optimizing solution-processed thin films, including halide perovskites.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Physics

Background:

  • Solid coating microstructure is governed by the interplay of growth, solute diffusion, and solvent evaporation.
  • Understanding these coupled phenomena is crucial for controlling thin film properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a numerical model predicting the lateral growth of solution-processed thin films.
  • To identify key dimensionless parameters governing coating quality.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-2D numerical model was employed, coupling drying and solidification processes.
  • The model predicts the transient lateral growth of adjacent nuclei.
  • Key parameters like Peclet number (Pe) and Biot number (Bi), modified by an aspect ratio, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Lateral gradients of solute and solvent influence film thickness and growth rate.
  • Evaporation dynamics and aspect ratio are primary determinants of coating quality.
  • A process map correlating modified Biot number (Bi) with coating regimes was established.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a framework for understanding and controlling thin film formation in solution processing.
  • The developed process map is applicable to halide perovskites and generalizable to other thin film systems.
  • Optimizing evaporation and aspect ratio is key to achieving desired coating microstructures.