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Corporate ESG performance when neighboring the Environmental Protection Agency.

Zhiqiao Xiong1, Jianjiang Liu1, Fei Yan2

  • 1School of Economics and management, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410076, China.

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Summary

Proximity to Environmental Protection Agencies (EPAs) negatively impacts corporate ESG performance, with effects diminishing as distance increases. This suggests firms may engage in rent-seeking behavior when located near EPAs, harming sustainability efforts.

Keywords:
Distance attenuation effectESGGeographic distanceRent-seekingSupervision

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Economics
  • Corporate Social Responsibility
  • Geoeconomics

Background:

  • Practicing Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) concepts is crucial for sustainable enterprise development and high-quality economic growth.
  • The geoeconomic "distance attenuation effect" hypothesis is introduced to analyze corporate ESG performance.
  • Understanding the spatial relationship between firms and regulatory bodies is key to corporate environmental and social accountability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically examine the impact of proximity to Environmental Protection Agencies (EPAs) on corporate ESG performance.
  • To investigate the mediating role of rent-seeking behavior in the relationship between EPA proximity and ESG performance.
  • To explore the influence of supervision mechanisms on mitigating negative ESG outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing data from China's listed manufacturing companies (2011-2021).
  • Applying the "distance attenuation effect" hypothesis to geoeconomic analysis.
  • Conducting mechanism analysis to identify rent-seeking behaviors and their impact.

Main Results:

  • Being a neighbor to an EPA significantly inhibits corporate ESG performance, with a 0.196% decrease for every 1 km closer.
  • The inhibitory effect is strongest for county-level EPAs, followed by municipal, and then provincial EPAs.
  • Neighboring EPAs improve financial performance but harm ESG performance, indicating a profit-seeking motive driving rent-seeking.

Conclusions:

  • Proximity to EPAs fosters rent-seeking behavior, negatively impacting corporate ESG performance.
  • The "distance attenuation effect" on rent-seeking difficulty is confirmed.
  • Third-party and digital supervision can mitigate rent-seeking and weaken the negative ESG impact of EPA proximity.