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Age-related difference in acute type B aortic dissection

Zhigong Zhang1, Feng Lin1,2, Xiaoci Huang3

  • 1Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.

Vascular
|November 8, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Younger patients with acute type B aortic dissection (ABAD) present with more distal tears and higher rates of lower limb malperfusion compared to older patients. Treatment and mortality remain similar between age groups.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Acute type B aortic dissection (ABAD) is a life-threatening condition affecting the aorta.
  • Understanding age-related differences in ABAD is crucial for tailored treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical, imaging, and treatment characteristics between young and old patients diagnosed with ABAD.
  • To identify distinct features of ABAD in different age demographics.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 141 ABAD patients from January 2012 to December 2018.
  • Analysis of demographics, symptoms, imaging, laboratory data, hemodynamics, management, and mortality.
  • Statistical comparison using chi-squared, Fisher's exact, Student's t-test, and Mann-Whitney U-test.

Main Results:

  • Younger ABAD patients showed higher incidences of Marfan syndrome (14.8% vs 0.9%) and distal tears (62.3% vs 39.5%).
  • Younger patients had a significantly higher proportion of lower limb malperfusion (22.2% vs 6.1%).
  • Older patients were more likely to have hypertension (88.6% vs 70.4%) and atherosclerosis (29.8% vs 7.4%).

Conclusions:

  • Younger ABAD patients exhibit distinct characteristics, including more distal tears and increased risk of lower limb malperfusion.
  • No significant differences were observed in treatment methods or in-hospital mortality between age groups.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute type B aortic dissectionMarfan syndromeagetreatment

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