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Related Concept Videos

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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
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Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
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Optical Cavity Design and Functionality for Molecular Strong Coupling.

Kenji Hirai1, James Andell Hutchison2, Hiroshi Uji-I1,3

  • 1Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University, N20 W10, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|November 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strongly coupling molecules with optical cavities can alter their properties, leading to new photochemical and photophysical phenomena. This review highlights advancements in optical cavities, especially Fabry-Perot microcavities, for controlling molecular behavior.

Keywords:
Rabi splittingoptical cavityphotochemistrystrong couplingvacuum field

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Quantum Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Optical cavities enable strong coupling, where molecules exchange energy with vacuum fields.
  • This interaction regime can significantly modify molecular thermodynamic and kinetic properties.
  • Recent research explores diverse physico-chemical systems under strong coupling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in optical cavity technology for strong coupling.
  • To focus on the application and development of Fabry-Perot microcavities.
  • To highlight the modulation of photochemical and photophysical processes via strong coupling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on optical cavity/molecule strong coupling.
  • Focus on Fabry-Perot microcavity designs and functionalities.
  • Analysis of experimental and theoretical studies on modified molecular properties.

Main Results:

  • Strong coupling significantly alters molecular thermodynamic and kinetic properties.
  • Emergence of novel photochemical and photophysical phenomena observed.
  • Advancements in optical cavity sophistication, responsiveness, and multifunctionality.

Conclusions:

  • Optical cavity/molecule strong coupling is a powerful tool for controlling chemical processes.
  • Fabry-Perot microcavities are key components in advancing this field.
  • Further exploration promises new applications in chemistry and materials science.