[Massive air embolism complicating artificial ventilation (author's transl)].

Area of Science:

• Neonatal Medicine
• Pediatric Critical Care
• Respiratory Physiology

Background:

• Premature infants often require respiratory support for respiratory distress syndrome.
• Intermittent positive pressure ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a common treatment.
• Systemic air embolism is a potential, though not well-documented, complication.

Observation:

• A 1740g premature infant on mechanical ventilation developed respiratory distress syndrome.
• The infant experienced two episodes of massive air embolism on the 14th and 16th day of life.
• The infant ultimately died due to the air embolism events.

Findings:

• The study discusses the pathogenesis of systemic air embolism in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome.
• Diagnostic difficulties associated with this complication are highlighted.
• The critical importance of recognizing this event due to potential cerebral damage is emphasized.

Implications:

• Increased awareness of air embolism as a complication in ventilated neonates is crucial.
• Further research is needed to determine the incidence of systemic air embolism in this population.
• Improved diagnostic strategies may be necessary to identify and manage this life-threatening condition.