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Intra-uterine programming of future fertility.

Pascale Chavatte-Palmer1,2, Anne Couturier-Tarrade1,2, Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard1,2

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Summary

Parental environment impacts offspring fertility via fetal development. Maternal conditions can alter placental function, affecting fetal gonadal development and potentially causing inter-generational fertility issues in livestock.

Keywords:
developmental origins of health and diseasefertilitygametesgonadslarge animals

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)
  • Animal science

Background:

  • The DOHaD concept links parental environment, fetal development, and adult non-communicable diseases.
  • In mammals, the placenta mediates crucial exchanges between mother and fetus.
  • Maternal environmental factors can disrupt placental function and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of the intrauterine environment on offspring fertility in domestic animals.
  • To highlight the role of placental development and function in programming fertility.
  • To discuss potential inter-generational effects on fertility due to epigenetic modifications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on DOHaD and its implications for fertility.
  • Focus on mammalian placental development and function under various environmental conditions.
  • Examination of epigenetic mechanisms and their role in transgenerational effects.

Main Results:

  • Adverse maternal environments (undernutrition, overnutrition, contaminants) can impair placental efficiency.
  • Suboptimal placental function negatively affects fetal gonadal development and maturation.
  • Epigenetic modifications in gametes may lead to heritable effects on fertility.

Conclusions:

  • Intrauterine programming significantly influences offspring fertility in domestic animals.
  • Understanding these programming effects is crucial for developing sustainable breeding systems.
  • Further research is needed to assess transgenerational impacts on fertility, especially concerning climate change adaptation.