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Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...

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Osmotic swelling behavior of surface-charged ionic microgels.

Mohammed O Alziyadi¹, Alan R Denton¹

¹Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics

|November 9, 2023

Summary

Ionic microgels exhibit tunable swelling behavior, crucial for biotechnologies. Their deswelling depends on charge distribution, microgel, and salt concentrations, as confirmed by theory and simulation.

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Area of Science:

Soft matter physics
Colloid science
Polymer chemistry

Background:

Ionic microgels are stimulus-sensitive charged colloidal particles.
Their tunable swelling behavior is valuable for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensing.
Predicting microgel osmotic pressure variations is vital for these applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To model and predict the osmotic pressure and swelling ratios of ionic microgels.
To investigate the effect of fixed charge distribution (surface vs. volume) on microgel behavior.
To validate theoretical models with molecular dynamics simulations.

Main Methods:

Nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann theory
Molecular dynamics simulation
Cell model for ionic microgels (macroions)

Main Results:

Computed microion density profiles, osmotic pressure, and equilibrium swelling ratios.
Demonstrated close agreement between theoretical predictions and simulation results.
Predicted that surface-charged microgels deswell with increasing microgel and salt concentrations.

Conclusions:

Surface-charged microgels deswell faster than volume-charged microgels.
Microgel swelling is sensitive to fixed charge distribution within the polymer network.
Swelling behavior is strongly dependent on bulk microgel and salt ion concentrations.