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Psychiatric Comorbidities Associated With Keratoconus.

Margarita Safir1,2,3, Idan Hecht1,2, Dan Heller3,4

  • 1Ophthalmology Department, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.

JAMA Ophthalmology
|November 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is linked to keratoconus in male adolescents and adults. This finding suggests further research into eye rubbing behaviors in this population may be beneficial.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Keratoconus is an eye condition often linked to recurrent eye rubbing.
  • Understanding risk factors for keratoconus is crucial for developing future interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between keratoconus and psychiatric comorbidities in adolescents and adults.
  • To assess if conditions like ADHD, anxiety, OCD, or autism increase keratoconus risk.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of Israeli military personnel from 2011-2021.
  • Prevalence of psychiatric conditions was compared between individuals with and without keratoconus.
  • Univariate and multivariant analyses were used to test associations.

Main Results:

  • The study included over 940,000 individuals; 0.16% had keratoconus.
  • Patients with keratoconus showed a higher likelihood of ADHD diagnosis (OR, 1.58).
  • This association remained significant after adjusting for confounders and was particularly noted in males.

Conclusions:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with keratoconus in male adolescents and adults.
  • While causality isn't established, findings support further research on eye rubbing education for this demographic.
  • The study highlights potential links between psychiatric conditions and eye health.