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Timing of Postpartum Depressive Symptoms
Cheryl L Robbins1, Jean Y Ko1,2, Denise V D'Angelo1
1Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Preventing Chronic Disease
|November 9, 2023
Summary
Many women develop postpartum depression later in the first year. Early screening for postpartum depression (PPD) is crucial, as nearly 3 in 5 women with PPD at 9-10 months did not report symptoms earlier.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Maternal Mental Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Postpartum depression (PPD) significantly impacts maternal-child interactions.
- Research on PPD symptoms in the later postpartum period (9-10 months) is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the prevalence of PPD symptoms at 9-10 months postpartum.
- To identify factors associated with PPD at 9-10 months.
- To examine PPD prevalence across early and later postpartum periods.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 2019 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data linked with a telephone follow-up survey.
- Study included 1,954 women across 7 states, assessed at 9-10 months postpartum.
- Prevalence ratios were used to examine associations with PPD symptoms.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of PPD symptoms at 9-10 months was 7.2%.
- Over half (57.4%) of women with PPD at 9-10 months had no prior symptoms.
- PPD at 9-10 months was linked to Medicaid insurance, prior depression, and current anxiety.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of women develop PPD later in the postpartum period.
- Continuous screening for depression throughout the first year is recommended.
- Identifying women with delayed PPD onset is critical for timely intervention.
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