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Related Concept Videos

Magnetism01:30

Magnetism

6.4K
Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

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Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
297
Magnetic Force01:18

Magnetic Force

980
In addition to the electric forces between electric charges, moving electric charges exert magnetic forces on each other. A magnetic field is created by a moving charge or a group of moving charges known as the electric current. A magnetic force is experienced by a second current or moving charge in response to this magnetic field. Fundamentally, interactions between moving electrons in the atoms of two bodies produce magnetic forces between them.
The magnetic force acting on a moving charge...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

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Circling back to magnetism.

Robert A Kaindl1

  • 1Department of Physics and Beus CXFEL Laboratory, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.

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Scientists used ultrafast experiments to control magnetism by precisely rotating atoms. This breakthrough offers new ways to manipulate magnetic materials at the atomic level.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Magnetism is a fundamental property of materials.
  • Controlling magnetism is crucial for technologies like data storage and spintronics.
  • Existing methods for magnetic control often lack precision or speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel method for controlling magnetization.
  • To investigate the role of atomic rotations in magnetic dynamics.
  • To explore the potential of ultrafast techniques in magnetism research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing femtosecond laser pulses to induce and probe atomic dynamics.
  • Employing time-resolved X-ray diffraction to observe atomic motion.
  • Measuring changes in magnetization in response to controlled atomic rotations.

Main Results:

  • Atomic rotations were successfully induced and precisely controlled.
  • A direct correlation between specific atomic rotation patterns and magnetization changes was established.
  • Ultrafast control of magnetization exceeding previous limits was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrafast atomic rotations provide a powerful new pathway for controlling magnetization.
  • This technique opens avenues for developing next-generation magnetic devices.
  • The findings advance fundamental understanding of light-matter interactions in magnetic systems.