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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Outcome predictors in older adults (≥ 65 years) with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
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Risk factor synergism in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a cross-sectional study.

Jack Henry1, Michael Amoo2,3, Mohamed O Dablouk2

  • 1National Neurosurgical Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, 9 D09 V2N0, Ireland. jackmhry@pm.me.

Acta Neurochirurgica
|November 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is strongly linked to smoking, the primary risk factor. Combined smoking and hypertension significantly amplify SAH risk, indicating a synergistic effect.

Keywords:
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhageIntracranial aneurysmSubarachnoid hemorrhage

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) constitutes a significant portion of stroke cases, leading to substantial morbidity.
  • Established risk factors for SAH include smoking, hypertension, advanced age, and female sex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) in a representative population.
  • To identify and quantify the association of key risk factors, including smoking and hypertension, with aSAH incidence.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study design utilizing a nationally representative patient cohort from 2017-2020.
  • Aneurysmal SAH cases were identified through prospective databases and death records.
  • Poisson regression models were employed to calculate incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for identified risk factors.

Main Results:

  • The study identified 875 aSAH cases, yielding a standardized incidence of 6.1 per 100,000 person-years.
  • Smoking emerged as the strongest individual risk factor (age-adjusted IRR 9.2), with hypertensive smokers exhibiting the highest incidence (63/100,000) and a lifetime risk of 6.7% after age 35.
  • Hypertension (age-adjusted IRR 3.1) and female sex (age-adjusted IRR 1.8) were also significantly associated with increased aSAH incidence.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking is identified as the most significant individual risk factor for aSAH.
  • A synergistic interaction between smoking and hypertension substantially elevates the risk of aSAH.