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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
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Using lexical semantic cues to mitigate interference effects during real-time sentence processing in aphasia.

Niloofar Akhavan1,2, Henrike K Blumenfeld1,2, Lewis Shapiro1,2

  • 1School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.

Journal of Neurolinguistics
|November 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Mismatching noun phrase animacy aids real-time sentence processing in both unimpaired listeners and individuals with aphasia. This lexical-semantic cue improves distinctiveness during syntactic retrieval, even for those with aphasia, though processing is slower.

Keywords:
Animacy mismatchAphasiaEye-trackingLexical activationSentence processing

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Neurolinguistics
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Auditory sentence processing involves real-time integration of linguistic information.
  • Aphasia, a language disorder, often impairs sentence comprehension.
  • Similarity-based interference can complicate the linking of sentence elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate real-time auditory sentence processing in unimpaired listeners and individuals with aphasia.
  • To examine how manipulating noun phrase animacy affects encoding and retrieval dynamics.
  • To determine if individuals with aphasia are sensitive to lexical-semantic cues in real-time.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a visual-world eye-tracking paradigm for real-time analysis.
  • Examined canonical sentence structures with unaccusative verbs and long-distance dependencies.
  • Manipulated noun phrase animacy (matched vs. mismatched) to test for similarity-based interference.

Main Results:

  • A significant effect of animacy manipulation was observed in both groups.
  • Mismatching noun phrase animacy enhanced the distinctiveness of the verb's subject target during syntactic retrieval.
  • Individuals with aphasia demonstrated sensitivity to the lexical-semantic cue, albeit with slower processing.

Conclusions:

  • Reducing similarity-based interference via animacy mismatching aids real-time sentence comprehension.
  • Individuals with aphasia show sensitivity to lexical-semantic cues in real-time auditory processing.
  • Findings contribute to the cue-based retrieval model by elucidating real-time sentence comprehension mechanisms.