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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

15
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
15
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

22
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
22
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

15
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
15
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

18
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
18
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

21
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
21
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

40
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
40

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Related Experiment Video

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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
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Primary mitral regurgitation: Toward a better quantification on left ventricular consequences.

Antoine Neveu1, Samy Aghezzaf2, Emmanuel Oger3

  • 1CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.

Clinical Cardiology
|November 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Myocardial work indices, including global work index and constructive work, effectively predict clinical events in patients with primary mitral regurgitation (PMR). Exercise stress echocardiography can enhance prognostic accuracy for PMR, aiding in early surgical decisions.

Keywords:
exercise echocardiographyleft ventricular global longitudinal strainmyocardial workprimary mitral regurgitationprognosis

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High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac Mechanics

Background:

  • Primary mitral regurgitation (PMR) management in asymptomatic patients typically relies on left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and ejection fraction (LVEF).
  • LV-myocardial work (LVMW) offers a novel approach to LV-function quantification, utilizing pressure-strain loops.
  • Standard echocardiographic parameters may be influenced by altered loading conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the added predictive value of LVMW for clinical events in patients with PMR.
  • To determine if LVMW can improve risk stratification in asymptomatic severe PMR.

Main Methods:

  • 103 asymptomatic severe PMR patients underwent rest and exercise stress echocardiography.
  • LV myocardial global work index (GWI), constructive work (GCW), wasted work (GWW), and work efficiency (GWE) were measured using speckle-tracking echocardiography.
  • Median follow-up was 670 days, with clinical events tracked.

Main Results:

  • Clinical events occurred in 48.5% of patients within a median of 289 days.
  • LVESD and LVEF did not predict events, unlike systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP).
  • Changes in global longitudinal strain (GLS), GWI, GCW, and Left Atrial Volume Index independently predicted clinical events.

Conclusions:

  • Changes in myocardial work indices during low-dose exercise are crucial for predicting PMR patient prognosis.
  • These indices may assist in identifying candidates for early surgical intervention.
  • LVMW provides valuable prognostic information beyond traditional echocardiographic measures.