Physiological Responses and Performance of Simulated High-Rise Firefighting

Area of Science:

• Occupational Physiology
• Firefighting Safety
• Environmental Extremes

Background:

• High-rise firefighting presents unique physiological challenges due to vertical ascent.
• Breathing apparatus and ascent strategies significantly impact firefighter performance and safety.
• Understanding these impacts is crucial for optimizing operational protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the physiological effects of different breathing apparatus types and ascent strategies.
• To evaluate these effects during a simulated 120-m vertical high-rise firefighting ascent.

Main Methods:

• Twenty-eight firefighters participated in four simulated high-rise ascent trials.
• Trials involved standard-duration breathing apparatus (SDBA) or extended-duration breathing apparatus (EDBA), with continuous ascent or breaks.
• Physiological data (heart rate, core body temperature, exertion, thermal comfort) were recorded at set elevations.

Main Results:

• Ascent time was longer with EDBA continuous ascent compared to SDBA continuous ascent.
• Heart rate was significantly lower with breaks compared to continuous ascents at 40, 80, and 100m.
• Core body temperature increased by 0.11°C per 10m ascent; EDBA significantly reduced low air alarm activations.

Conclusions:

• Extended-duration breathing apparatus (EDBA) is recommended for ascents beyond 80 meters.
• Incorporating regular breaks during ascent is encouraged to mitigate physiological strain.
• These strategies can enhance firefighter safety and performance in high-rise environments.