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Incremental Temperature Changes for Maximal Breeding and Spawning in Astyanax mexicanus
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Equivocal support for the climate variability hypothesis within a Neotropical bird assemblage.

Henry S Pollock1, Cameron L Rutt2,3, William Justin Cooper2

  • 1Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Ecology
|November 11, 2023
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Summary

The climate variability hypothesis suggests temperature variation shapes thermal tolerance. However, this study found bird physiology was decoupled from local temperature variations, challenging the hypothesis in endotherms.

Keywords:
Neotropicsbirdsclimate changeendothermsenvironmental temperaturemicroclimate hypothesisthermal tolerance

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Climate Change Biology
  • Physiological Ecology

Background:

  • The climate variability hypothesis links temperature variation exposure to thermal tolerance breadth.
  • This hypothesis is well-supported in ectotherms but less understood in endotherms, especially concerning microclimate variation.
  • Understanding these relationships is crucial for predicting species' responses to climate change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between temperature variation (habitat type, forest stratum) and thermal physiology in Neotropical birds.
  • To assess how local temperature variation influences species' thermal tolerance and temperature sensitivity.
  • To test the climate variability hypothesis in an endotherm system and examine potential vulnerability mechanisms for forest birds.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed long-term temperature data across different habitats (open, forest interior) and vertical strata (canopy, understory).
  • Collected data on thermal physiological traits and temperature sensitivity metrics for 89 Neotropical bird species.
  • Compared thermal traits and sensitivity across species inhabiting different microclimates.

Main Results:

  • Open habitats and forest canopies exhibited hotter and more variable daily temperatures than forest interiors and understories.
  • Little evidence was found linking species' thermal physiological traits or temperature sensitivity to habitat type or vertical stratum.
  • Bird thermal physiology appeared decoupled from local temperature variation, offering equivocal support for the climate variability hypothesis in endotherms.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides limited support for the climate variability hypothesis in Neotropical birds, suggesting their thermal physiology is not strongly influenced by local temperature variation.
  • Contrary to common assumptions, no significant differences in thermal physiology were observed between understory, canopy, or open-habitat bird species.
  • These findings highlight the complexity of endotherm responses to climate change and warrant further investigation into other factors influencing their vulnerability.