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Related Concept Videos

Perception01:28

Perception

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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
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Subliminal Perception01:15

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Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
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Sensation01:21

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Sensory receptors are specialized neurons that respond to specific types of external stimuli, initiating the process known as sensation. This occurs when sensory input, such as light entering the eye, is detected by these receptors, causing chemical changes in the cells of the retina. These cells then convert the sensory stimulus into action potentials that are transmitted to the central nervous system, a process termed transduction.
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Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
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Bistable perception, precision and neuromodulation.

Filip Novicky1,2, Thomas Parr3, Karl Friston3

  • 1Department of Neurophysics, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|November 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bistable perception, where the brain alternates between two interpretations of a single stimulus, is explained by eye movements and precision control. This computational model links neurochemistry to visual perception.

Keywords:
active inferencebistable perceptionneuromodulatorsprecision

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Vision
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Bistable perception involves observing ambiguous visual stimuli with dual interpretations.
  • Perceptual transitions in bistable vision are not fully understood computationally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an active (Bayesian) inference model for bistable perception.
  • To explain perceptual transitions via eye movements and precision control.
  • To link computational precision parameters to neurochemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an active (Bayesian) inference account of bistable perception.
  • Utilized numerical simulations of the Necker cube paradigm.
  • Investigated the role of precision modulation in perceptual alternation frequency.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that specific eye movements drive perceptual transitions between interpretations.
  • Showed that precision control influences the frequency of bistable perception.
  • Identified multiple computational routes for precision modulation affecting alternation frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Bistable perception arises from an interplay of eye movements and precision control in Bayesian inference.
  • Computational precision parameters serve as homologs for neurotransmitters (e.g., acetylcholine, dopamine).
  • The model provides a computational bridge connecting neurochemistry to the mechanisms of bistable perception.