Navigating the Challenges of Total Ankle Replacement: Deformity Correction and Infection Considerations.

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Total ankle replacement (TAR) is a growing surgical option for end-stage ankle arthritis.
• Improvements in implant design, surgical techniques, and surgeon experience have enhanced TAR outcomes.
• TAR is now indicated for complex deformities previously only treatable with ankle arthrodesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current status and challenges of total ankle replacement (TAR).
• To highlight the advancements and expanding indications for TAR.
• To discuss the inherent complexities and complication management in TAR.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent advancements in total ankle replacement.
• Analysis of patient satisfaction data comparing TAR to ankle fusion.
• Evaluation of expanded indications and complication rates in TAR.

Main Results:

• TAR demonstrates patient satisfaction levels comparable to ankle fusion.
• Indications for TAR have broadened, accommodating previously untreatable deformities.
• TAR exhibits a higher complication rate than other ankle surgeries.

Conclusions:

• Total ankle replacement (TAR) is a viable and increasingly accepted treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis.
• Managing TAR complications is challenging due to the ankle's intricate anatomy and limited soft tissues.
• Continued research and technique refinement are crucial for improving TAR safety and efficacy.