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Fallacies of a purely virtual platform: Virtual plus reality versus virtual reality - A case study
John Gnanaraj1, Sam Arul Doss1, S Stephen1
1Department of Transfusion medicine & Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Transplant Immunology
|November 12, 2023
Summary
In India, single antigen bead (SAB) assays for virtual crossmatch (vXM) face challenges with local HLA allele representation. This case highlights discrepancies between vXM and physical crossmatch (pXM) testing, questioning vXM interpretation.
Area of Science:
- Transplantation immunology
- Histocompatibility testing
- Immunogenetics
Background:
- Pretransplant immunological assessment has advanced with sensitive testing platforms.
- Single antigen bead (SAB) assays are standard for virtual crossmatch (vXM) to detect donor-specific antibodies (DSA).
- India faces challenges with HLA allele representation in standard SAB assays.

