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Platelet indices and angiogenesis markers in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Laura Mattana Dionisio1,2, Giovani Marino Favero1,2

  • 1Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil.

International Journal of Laboratory Hematology
|November 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Platelet indices like mean platelet volume (MPV) can help detect preeclampsia (PE) and correlate with antiangiogenic factors. These markers offer potential for diagnosing and managing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Hematology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Activated platelets play a crucial role in preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis.
  • Distinctive platelet index patterns in PE suggest their potential for detection and risk stratification.
  • PE involves increased antiangiogenic sFlt-1 and decreased proangiogenic PlGF, impacting vascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate platelet indices in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).
  • To correlate platelet indices with angiogenesis-related biomarkers, specifically sFlt-1 and PlGF.
  • To assess the diagnostic potential of platelet indices for PE.

Main Methods:

  • Study groups included controls (n=114), gestational hypertension (n=112), and PE (n=42).
  • Assessed platelet indices: platelet counts (PLT-I, PLT-F), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), and immature platelet fraction (IPF# and IPF%).
  • Measured serum levels of soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF).

Main Results:

  • PE group showed lower PLT-I, PLT-F, and PCT%, but higher MPV, PDW, P-LCR, IPF%, and IPF# compared to controls.
  • Mean platelet volume (MPV) demonstrated the highest accuracy in discriminating PE.
  • A moderate positive correlation was observed between sFlt-1 levels and MPV, PDW, and P-LCR.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet indices show promise as supplementary tools for diagnosing and managing HDP.
  • Activated platelets may contribute to elevated sFlt-1 levels in PE.
  • Further research can explore the clinical utility of these markers in HDP management.
Abstract

Keywords:
PlGFgestational hypertensionplatelet indicespreeclampsiasFlt-1

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