Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

38.3K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
38.3K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

3.0K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.0K
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

3.3K
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
3.3K
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

3.6K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
3.6K
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

4.5K
All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
4.5K
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

11.7K
Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
11.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enamel Tubules and Spindles: Enter and Exit the Amelocyte.

Calcified tissue international·2026
Same author

In horses undergoing volatile anaesthesia, is recovery quality superior with sevoflurane compared to isoflurane?

Veterinary evidence·2026
Same author

Enamel and Bleaching or Breaching: Vickers Hardness and Backscattered Electron Imaging.

Calcified tissue international·2026
Same author

IFHA Global Summit of Equine Safety and Technology: Fracture prediction and prevention.

Equine veterinary journal·2025
Same author

Microanatomy of incremental growth lines in dental tissues in reindeer Rangifer tarandus.

Journal of anatomy·2024
Same author

Fractures in Thoroughbred racing and the potential for pre-race identification of horses at risk.

Equine veterinary journal·2024
Same journal

Skin denticle diversity in the giant manta and the lesser devil ray: A three-dimensional analysis.

Journal of anatomy·2026
Same journal

Two-step workflow integrating automatic registration and manual refinement for the accurate alignment of serial histological sections in 3D reconstruction.

Journal of anatomy·2026
Same journal

Correction to "Cajal-Retzius neurons are required for the development of the human hippocampal fissure".

Journal of anatomy·2026
Same journal

Loss of primary cilia in late pituitary organogenesis does not cause endocrine dysfunction.

Journal of anatomy·2026
Same journal

Cumulative effects of lifelong systemic excess growth hormone on postcranial skeletal morphology in adult mice.

Journal of anatomy·2026
Same journal

Layer-by-layer soft-tissue effects on flexion-extension-dominant passive ex vivo limb joint ROM in quadrupedal mammals: An anatomical contribution to a morphofunctional framework.

Journal of anatomy·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
05:55

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Published on: September 27, 2024

570

Intracortical remodelling increases in highly loaded bone after exercise cessation.

Raniere Gaia Costa da Silva1, Tsim Christopher Sun2, Ambika Prasad Mishra1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Journal of Anatomy
|November 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone resorption increases during rest periods, potentially weakening bones. Racehorses returning to high-intensity exercise showed reduced bone resorption in metacarpals, suggesting a protective mechanism.

Keywords:
boneexerciseresorptionrest

More Related Videos

Improved Methodology for Studying Postnatal Osteogenesis via Intramembranous Ossification in a Murine Bone Marrow Injury Model
05:10

Improved Methodology for Studying Postnatal Osteogenesis via Intramembranous Ossification in a Murine Bone Marrow Injury Model

Published on: February 7, 2025

372
A Sectioning, Coring, and Image Processing Guide for High-Throughput Cortical Bone Sample Procurement and Analysis for Synchrotron Micro-CT
07:10

A Sectioning, Coring, and Image Processing Guide for High-Throughput Cortical Bone Sample Procurement and Analysis for Synchrotron Micro-CT

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
05:55

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Published on: September 27, 2024

570
Improved Methodology for Studying Postnatal Osteogenesis via Intramembranous Ossification in a Murine Bone Marrow Injury Model
05:10

Improved Methodology for Studying Postnatal Osteogenesis via Intramembranous Ossification in a Murine Bone Marrow Injury Model

Published on: February 7, 2025

372
A Sectioning, Coring, and Image Processing Guide for High-Throughput Cortical Bone Sample Procurement and Analysis for Synchrotron Micro-CT
07:10

A Sectioning, Coring, and Image Processing Guide for High-Throughput Cortical Bone Sample Procurement and Analysis for Synchrotron Micro-CT

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.1K

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology
  • Equine orthopedics
  • Exercise physiology

Background:

  • Bone resorption removes damaged tissue and increases with reduced mechanical loading.
  • High-intensity exercise can pose a risk of bone failure due to increased porosity from resorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate bone remodeling activity in racehorses under different exercise and rest conditions.
  • To understand how mechanical loading influences bone resorption and porosity.

Main Methods:

  • Examined bone slices from metacarpal, tibial, and rib bones of 12 racehorses.
  • Used point-projection X-ray microscopy to measure intracortical canal cross-sectional area (Ca.Ar) and number (N.Ca).
  • Compared horses that exercised intensely versus those with a rest period before death.

Main Results:

  • Significantly greater number and area of large resorption canals (Ca.Ar > 0.04 mm²) in metacarpals of rested horses compared to exercised horses.
  • Similar resorption canal size and number in ribs between rested and exercised groups.
  • Tibia showed an intermediate response, with increased resorption when considering all canal sizes (Ca.Ar > 0.002 mm²).

Conclusions:

  • High mechanical load may suppress bone resorption via the mechanostat theory, enhancing bone formation.
  • Rest periods allow for increased bone resorption to remove excess or damaged tissue.
  • These processes may work together to maintain bone health under varying exercise regimens.