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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

17.5K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
17.5K
Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

1.8K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
1.8K
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

308
Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
308
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

594
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
594
Centrifugation01:05

Centrifugation

2.3K
Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...
2.3K
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.1K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.1K

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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

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Spontaneous Demixing of Binary Colloidal Flocks.

Samadarshi Maity1, Alexandre Morin1

  • 1Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Universiteit Leiden, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters
|November 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Population heterogeneity in active systems drives self-sorting. This study shows binary polar liquids demix within confinement due to speed variations and repulsive interactions, revealing principles of active matter organization.

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Area of Science:

  • Active matter physics
  • Soft condensed matter

Background:

  • Population heterogeneity is common in active living systems.
  • Its role in spatial organization and dynamics is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of population heterogeneity in active fluid organization.
  • To demonstrate spontaneous demixing in binary polar liquids under confinement.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments with synthetic active fluids (self-propelled colloidal particles).
  • Theoretical predictions at the continuum scale.
  • Analysis of active speed heterogeneity and nonreciprocal repulsive interactions.

Main Results:

  • Spontaneous demixing of binary polar liquids within circular confinement.
  • Active speed heterogeneity and nonreciprocal interactions cause self-sorting.
  • Established general principles for self-organization in binary active polar liquids.

Conclusions:

  • Heterogeneity is key to the self-organization of multicomponent active systems.
  • Findings highlight the specificity of binary polar active liquids.
  • Provides a framework for understanding active matter dynamics.