Scaling laws of failure dynamics on complex networks
Gergő Pál1, Zsuzsa Danku1, Attia Batool1
1Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Doctoral School of Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O.Box: 400, Debrecen, H-4002, Hungary.
Scientific Reports
|November 13, 2023
Summary
Network topology significantly impacts cascading failures in complex systems. Randomizing network structure transitions failure spreading from localized to mean-field behavior, enhancing robustness.
Area of Science:
- Complex systems science
- Network science
- Statistical physics
Background:
- Cascading failures in complex systems are driven by load redistribution after local breakdowns.
- Network topology critically influences failure dynamics, transitioning from localized to mean-field behavior as regularity decreases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of network topology in cascading failure dynamics.
- To demonstrate scaling laws governing load capacity, damage tolerance, and cluster statistics.
- To elucidate the mechanism behind the localized to mean-field transition.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing the fiber bundle model for failure phenomena.
- Applying finite size scaling analysis.
- Examining the impact of network topology and node strength disorder.
Main Results:
- Macro-scale load-bearing capacity and damage tolerance, and micro-scale failed node cluster statistics, follow scaling laws dependent on network topology and node disorder.
- The spatial structure of damage dictates the transition from localized to mean-field failure spreading.
- Network randomization leads to merging of failed clusters via long-range links, reducing load concentration.
Conclusions:
- The spatial organization of damage is key to understanding the localized-to-mean-field transition in failure spreading.
- Understanding these scaling laws and topological influences can guide the design of more robust complex systems.
- Results offer insights for engineering networks with improved resistance to cascading failures.
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