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Lionel Bureau1, Gwennou Coupier2, Thomas Salez3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lift forces, typically seen in fast flows, can emerge in slow, viscous fluids due to boundary effects. This review explores novel lift forces in soft and biological matter.

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Area of Science:

  • Hydrodynamics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Biological Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Lift forces are common in high Reynolds number flows, driven by fluid inertia and symmetry breaking.
  • Viscosity-dominated (low Reynolds number) flows traditionally present challenges for lift force generation.
  • Boundary effects, such as softness, gradients, and surface charges, are increasingly recognized as crucial factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze recent literature on lift forces in low Reynolds number regimes.
  • To identify unifying research questions across different scientific communities studying these phenomena.
  • To provide a foundation for future research directions in micro- and bio-hydrodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies.
  • Analysis of mechanisms generating lift forces in boundary-dominated flows.
  • Identification of common themes and discrepancies in current research.

Main Results:

  • Novel lift forces can arise in viscosity-dominated flows due to specific boundary conditions.
  • Boundary softness, flow gradients, and surface charges are key drivers of these forces.
  • Existing research highlights the importance of interfacial phenomena in generating lift.

Conclusions:

  • Boundary effects significantly alter the emergence and nature of lift forces, particularly in soft and biological systems.
  • A unified understanding of lift generation in low Reynolds number flows is needed.
  • This review sets the stage for interdisciplinary research into novel hydrodynamic lift phenomena.