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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model

Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model

Published on: January 13, 2023

Rhabdomyosarcoma: Current Therapy, Challenges, and Future Approaches to Treatment Strategies.

Ali Zarrabi¹, David Perrin², Mahboubeh Kavoosi^3,4

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Türkiye.

|November 14, 2023

Summary

Rhabdomyosarcoma, a rare childhood muscle cancer, presents treatment challenges, especially for metastatic and recurrent cases. This review details its clinical aspects, chemotherapy, and novel therapeutic screening models.

Keywords:

alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma apoptosis autophagy bioengineering tumor stiffness unfolded protein response

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Oncology
Cancer Biology
Muscle Regeneration

Background:

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare skeletal muscle cancer predominantly affecting children and young adults.
Metastatic and recurrent rhabdomyosarcoma present significant challenges in pediatric oncology.
Current treatments involve surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, with ongoing research for improved outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive clinical overview of rhabdomyosarcoma, including classification, diagnosis, and treatment.
To analyze chemotherapy strategies and their impact on cellular mechanisms like apoptosis, macro-autophagy, and unfolded protein response in rhabdomyosarcoma.
To explore the utility of in vivo and in vitro models for screening future rhabdomyosarcoma therapies and promoting muscle regeneration.

Main Methods:

Literature review of rhabdomyosarcoma classification, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
Analysis of chemotherapy mechanisms including apoptosis, macro-autophagy, and unfolded protein response.
Review of established and emerging preclinical models (mouse, zebrafish, 3D bioengineering) for rhabdomyosarcoma research.

Main Results:

Rhabdomyosarcoma requires multimodal treatment, but outcomes for advanced disease remain poor.
Chemotherapy response is influenced by apoptosis, macro-autophagy, and unfolded protein response pathways.
Preclinical models offer valuable platforms for evaluating novel therapeutic agents and regenerative strategies.

Conclusions:

A thorough understanding of rhabdomyosarcoma's clinical and biological facets is crucial for advancing treatment.
Targeting key cellular mechanisms involved in chemotherapy response may enhance treatment efficacy.
Innovative preclinical models are essential for developing next-generation therapies and addressing muscle regeneration in rhabdomyosarcoma survivors.