Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

8.3K

Atherosclerosis and Its Related Laboratory Biomarkers

Vittoriano Della Corte1, Federica Todaro1, Marco Cataldi1

  • 1Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities (ProMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This review examines novel serum biomarkers for atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease. Identifying these markers can improve cardiovascular risk prediction and clinical decision-making for conditions like coronary artery disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Inflammatory Diseases

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition underlying major cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD).
  • Plaque accumulation in arteries narrows vessels, impeding blood flow and causing tissue hypoxia, which can lead to stroke and myocardial infarction—leading global causes of mortality.
  • Current cardiovascular risk prediction models rely on conventional risk factors but may benefit from incorporating novel biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive review of recent literature on serum biomarkers associated with atherosclerosis.
  • To evaluate the potential of these biomarkers in enhancing the accuracy of cardiovascular risk prediction models.
  • To explore the clinical utility of incorporating novel biomarkers in guiding patient management decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of recent publications on serum biomarkers for atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the predictive value of individual and combined biomarkers.
  • Evaluation of biomarker integration into existing cardiovascular risk assessment frameworks.

Main Results:

  • Numerous serum biomarkers linked to increased atherosclerotic event risk have been identified.
  • The inclusion of certain biomarkers, individually or in panels, shows potential to improve the predictive accuracy of cardiovascular risk models.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the clinical utility and optimal application of these novel markers.

Conclusions:

  • Serum biomarkers represent a promising area for advancing atherosclerosis risk assessment.
  • Integrating validated biomarkers into clinical practice could refine cardiovascular risk stratification and personalize patient care.
  • Continued research into biomarker validation and clinical implementation is crucial for improving outcomes in patients with or at risk for atherosclerotic diseases.

Keywords:
atherosclerosisbiomarkersexosomeslipoproteinsmiRNAmicro-RNAmicroparticles

More Related Videos

Quantification of Atherosclerosis in Mice06:59

Quantification of Atherosclerosis in Mice

Published on: June 12, 2019

37.6K
Quantitative Analysis and Characterization of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Murine Aortic Sinus06:43

Quantitative Analysis and Characterization of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Murine Aortic Sinus

Published on: December 7, 2013

13.8K

Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
10
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
9
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
11
Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management01:23

Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...
17
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
17
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
12