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A Non-Canonical Pathway Induced by Externally Applied Virus-Specific dsRNA in Potato Plants
Viktoriya O Samarskaya1, Nadezhda Spechenkova1, Irina Ilina1
1Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 14, 2023
Summary
External application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for crop protection generates non-canonical small RNAs (sRNAs) distinct from natural RNA interference (RNAi). These novel sRNAs do not move systemically, impacting dsRNA crop protection strategies.
Area of Science:
- Plant pathology
- Molecular biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a promising non-transgenic tool for crop protection.
- Its mechanism is assumed to mimic natural RNA interference (RNAi) against RNA viruses.
- Direct evidence for this mechanism in exogenous dsRNA application is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the small RNA profiles induced by potato virus Y (PVY) infection and exogenous dsRNA application.
- To compare the biogenesis pathways of RNA interference (RNAi) triggered by natural infection versus external dsRNA.
Main Methods:
- High-throughput sequencing (HTS) of small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs).
- Analysis of sRNAs generated by PVY infection.
- Analysis of sRNAs generated by exogenous application of a PVY dsRNA fragment.
Main Results:
- PVY infection produced canonical 21-22 nt sRNAs, characteristic of RNAi.
- Exogenous PVY dsRNA generated non-canonical sRNAs (~18-30 nt ladders).
- These non-canonical sRNAs showed limited systemic movement and no transitive amplification.
Conclusions:
- Exogenous dsRNA application may utilize a distinct sRNA biogenesis pathway.
- Non-canonical sRNAs generated by external dsRNA have limitations for systemic crop protection.
- Findings necessitate re-evaluation of dsRNA-mediated crop protection mechanisms.
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