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Surgical Site-Released Tissue Is Potent to Generate Bone onto TCP and PCL-TCP Scaffolds In Vitro
Emely Rehage1, Andrea Sowislok1, André Busch2
1Chair of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 14, 2023
Summary
Surgical site tissue (SSRT) from hip replacements contains potent regenerative cells. This tissue, when combined with a PCL-TCP composite, shows enhanced cell growth and osteogenic potential compared to TCP alone, suggesting improved bone regeneration applications.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Surgical site tissue (SSRT) possesses mesenchymal regenerative potential.
- SSRT may enhance the osteopromoting properties of bone substitute materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the composition of SSRT harvested during total hip replacement.
- To evaluate the osteopromoting effect of SSRT-derived cells on beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and a PCL-TCP composite material in vitro.
Main Methods:
- Harvesting SSRT from 20 total hip replacement patients using a surgical suction handle.
- Isolating and culturing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from SSRT.
- Incubating SSRT-derived cells with porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and an 80% poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)/20% TCP composite material for 6 weeks.
- Analyzing cell density, viability, and expression of osteogenic markers (osteocalcin, osteopontin, collagen I).
Main Results:
- SSRT exhibited significantly higher levels of PDGF and VEGF compared to peripheral blood.
- Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) yield was 0.09 ± 0.12‱ per gram of SSRT, with successful three-lineage differentiation.
- PCL-TCP cultures demonstrated higher cell density and viability than TCP cultures after 6 weeks.
- PCL-TCP cultures showed increased osteocalcin expression, indicating enhanced osteogenic activity.
Conclusions:
- SSRT harvested via vacuum suction is rich in regenerative cells with significant osteopromoting potential.
- The PCL-TCP composite material offers superior cytocompatibility and supports enhanced osteogenic differentiation compared to TCP alone.
- These findings highlight the potential of SSRT and PCL-TCP composites for advancing orthopedic regenerative therapies.
