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Related Concept Videos

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

21.4K
In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
21.4K
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
20.8K
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

15.9K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
15.9K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.6K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.6K
EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

1.9K
Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
1.9K
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

964
Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

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Mononuclear or Coordination Polymer Complexes? Both Are Possible for 3,6,9-Trioxaundecanedioic Acid.

Giovanni Bella1, Jan Holub2, Giuseppe Bruno1

  • 1Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals how ligand flexibility and coordination number dictate the formation of diverse metallo-supramolecular architectures, contrasting discrete complexes with helical polymers. Understanding these driving forces is key for designing novel coordination structures.

Keywords:
metal complexespolymersself-assemblysupramolecular chemistry

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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

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High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles
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High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

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High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles
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High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Predicting thermodynamically stable supramolecular structures from building blocks is challenging.
  • Existing models for structure prediction can be rigid and require adaptation.
  • Metallo-supramolecular chemistry offers diverse structural possibilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of metallo-supramolecular architectures using 3,6,9-trioxaundecanedioic acid derivatives.
  • To elucidate the factors controlling the assembly of discrete versus polymeric structures.
  • To understand the role of ligand flexibility and metal coordination in dictating supramolecular organization.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and crystal structure determination of Mn(II), Co(II), and Zn(II) complexes.
  • Analysis of coordination numbers and ligand conformations.
  • Comparative study of resulting supramolecular architectures.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct metallo-supramolecular architectures were characterized.
  • The Mn(II) complex formed a discrete, heptacoordinated structure.
  • The Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes assembled into helical polymers.
  • Ligand flexibility and the number of coordinating atoms were identified as key determinants.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between ligand spacer flexibility and metal coordination number governs the divergent or convergent assembly of coordination architectures.
  • This provides insight into controlling supramolecular structure formation.
  • The findings contribute to the rational design of novel coordination polymers and discrete complexes.