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BMI Increases in Individuals with COVID-19-Associated Olfactory Dysfunction.

Brandon J Vilarello¹, Patricia T Jacobson², Jeremy P Tervo¹

¹Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.

|November 14, 2023

Summary

Persistent olfactory dysfunction following COVID-19 is linked to increased body mass index (BMI). This suggests smell loss may impact dietary habits and nutrition, warranting further investigation in larger cohorts.

Keywords:

BMI COVID-19 chemosensation nutrition olfaction

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Area of Science:

Otorhinolaryngology
Neurology
Public Health

Background:

COVID-19-associated olfactory dysfunction (OD) may influence dietary behaviors and weight perception.
Limited research exists on the psychophysical evaluation of post-COVID-19 chemosensory dysfunction and its impact on body mass index (BMI).

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the impact of quantitative and qualitative aspects of COVID-19-associated OD on BMI.
To investigate the relationship between persistent smell dysfunction and weight changes after infection.

Main Methods:

Recruited 31 participants with self-reported OD, assessing quantitative and qualitative olfactory function via surveys and Sniffin' Sticks tests.
Measured BMI at two time points, one year apart.
Utilized Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Holm-Bonferroni correction for statistical analysis.

Main Results:

Individuals with persistent quantitative OD (n=15) and self-reported parosmia (n=19) exhibited significant BMI increases after one year (p=0.004, p=0.011).
Controls with transient OD (n=16) and those without parosmia (n=12) showed no significant BMI changes (p=0.079, p=0.028).

Conclusions:

COVID-19-associated OD is associated with changes in BMI.
Olfactory dysfunction may play a role in altering dietary habits and nutrition.
Larger studies are necessary to confirm the relationship between COVID-19-induced smell loss and BMI.