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BRT: An Efficient and Scalable Blockchain-Based Revocation Transparency System for TLS Connections.

Qianqian Xing1, Xiaofeng Wang1, Xinyue Xu1

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|November 14, 2023
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Summary

Log-based public key infrastructure (PKI) enhances transparency but faces challenges. Blockchain-based PKI (BRT) offers a scalable solution for certificate and revocation transparency with efficient logging and near-instantaneous checks.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Cybersecurity
  • Distributed Systems

Background:

  • Log-based public key infrastructure (PKI) improves CA-attack resilience and transparency through publicly accessible logs.
  • Existing log-based PKIs are vulnerable to split-world attacks and lack incentives for CA monitoring.
  • Blockchain-based PKIs offer decentralized audits and financial incentives but struggle with scalable revocation for lightweight clients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce BRT, a scalable blockchain-based system for certificate and revocation transparency.
  • Address limitations of current PKI systems in logging, auditing, and validating certificate status.
  • Enhance efficiency in blockchain environments for Transport Layer Security (TLS)/Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) PKI.

Main Methods:

  • Designed an audit-on-chain framework integrated with an off-chain storage and computation system.
  • Developed a blockchain-based prototype to implement and test the BRT system.
  • Focused on storage-efficient log recording, cost-effective updates, and fast revocation checks.

Main Results:

  • Achieved peak storage compression rate of 8% for log recording.
  • Demonstrated cost-effective log updates for large-scale certificate management.
  • Provided near-instantaneous revocation status checks for users.

Conclusions:

  • BRT offers a scalable and efficient solution for certificate and revocation transparency in blockchain environments.
  • The system enhances security and accountability within the TLS/SSL PKI domain.
  • BRT effectively addresses the limitations of previous log-based and blockchain-based PKI approaches.