Multi-Scene Mask Detection Based on Multi-Scale Residual and Complementary Attention Mechanism

Vast amounts of monitoring data can be obtained through various optical sensors, and mask detection based on deep learning integrates neural science into a variety of applications in everyday life. However, mask detection poses technical challenges such as small targets, complex scenes, and occlusions, which necessitate high accuracy and robustness in multi-scene target detection networks. Considering that multi-scale features can increase the receptive field and attention mechanism can improve the detection effect of small targets, we propose the YOLO-MSM network based on the multi-scale residual (MSR) block, multi-scale residual cascaded channel-spatial attention (MSR-CCSA) block, enhanced residual CCSA (ER-CCSA) block, and enhanced residual PCSA (ER-PCSA) block. Considering the performance and parameters, we use YOLOv5 as the baseline network. Firstly, for the MSR block, we construct hierarchical residual connections in the residual blocks to extract multi-scale features and obtain finer features. Secondly, to realize the joint attention function of channel and space, both the CCSA block and PCSA block are adopted. In addition, we construct a new dataset named Multi-Scene-Mask, which contains various scenes, crowd densities, and mask types. Experiments on the dataset show that YOLO-MSM achieves an average precision of 97.51%, showing better performance than other detection networks. Compared with the baseline network, the mAP value of YOLO-MSM is increased by 3.46%. Moreover, we propose a module generalization improvement strategy (GIS) by training YOLO-MSM on the dataset augmented with white Gaussian addition noise to improve the generalization ability of the network. The test results verify that GIS can greatly improve the generalization of the network and YOLO-MSM has stronger generalization ability than the baseline.