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Glycerol Oligomerization over Titania-Based Catalyst Compositions.
Nina V Vlasenko1, Olena I Yanushevska2, Olga Z Didenko1
1LV Pysarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prosp. Nauky 31, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|November 14, 2023
Summary
Sulfated titania (TiO2-S) efficiently catalyzes glycerol oligomerization, forming various glycerides. However, adding carbon nanotubes decreases conversion but enhances selectivity for shorter-chain glycerides.
Area of Science:
- Catalysis
- Materials Science
- Organic Chemistry
Background:
- Glycerol oligomerization is crucial for producing valuable chemicals.
- Titanium dioxide (TiO2) based materials are explored as potential catalysts.
- Understanding catalyst modification effects on glycerol conversion is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate TiO2-based catalysts, including sulfated titania and composites with carbon nanotubes, for glycerol oligomerization.
- To evaluate the impact of sulfur and carbon nanotube modification on TiO2's acid-base and catalytic properties.
- To elucidate the mechanism of glycerol activation on these catalysts.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis and characterization of TiO2, sulfated TiO2 (TiO2-S), and TiO2-carbon nanotube composites.
- Glycerol oligomerization reactions were performed using these catalysts.
- Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to study glycerol activation.
Main Results:
- Only sulfated titania (TiO2-S) demonstrated significant activity, achieving up to 58.7% glycerol conversion due to strong base sites.
- TiO2-S catalyzed the formation of glycerides up to pentaglycerides with both linear and nonlinear structures.
- Incorporating carbon nanotubes into the catalyst reduced glycerol conversion (to 10.5%) but narrowed the product spectrum, increasing selectivity for short-chain glycerides (72% diglycerides, 21% triglycerides) and forming only linear structures.
Conclusions:
- Sulfated titania is an effective catalyst for glycerol oligomerization, producing a range of glycerides.
- Carbon nanotube addition modifies selectivity towards shorter-chain, linear glycerides but reduces overall conversion.
- The presence of strong base sites on sulfated titania is key to its catalytic activity in glycerol oligomerization.
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