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Musculus pterygoideus proprius: A meta-analysis.

Gaurav Mandal1, Michael Montalbano2, Konstantinos Natsis3

  • 1Department of the Internal Medicine, Trinity Health System, Steubenville, Ohio, USA.

Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.)
|November 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The rare pterygoideus proprius muscle, found in the infratemporal fossa, is linked to mastication muscles and nerves. Recognizing this muscle is crucial for surgical approaches to the region.

Keywords:
anatomical variationanatomyclinicalinfratemporal fossapterygoideus propriussurgicaltrigeminal neuralgia

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Human Anatomy
  • Head and Neck Anatomy

Background:

  • The pterygoideus proprius muscle is an anatomical variant within the infratemporal fossa.
  • It is closely associated with masticatory muscles, the maxillary artery, and the trigeminal nerve.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on the pterygoideus proprius muscle.
  • To detail its historical background, morphology, prevalence, embryology, and clinical significance.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.

Main Results:

  • The pterygoideus proprius muscle originates from the sphenoid bone's infratemporal crest and inserts onto the lateral pterygoid plate/muscle.
  • It is present in non-human primates and embryologically linked to the first pharyngeal arch.
  • Its proximity to the trigeminal nerve and maxillary artery suggests potential clinical relevance.

Conclusions:

  • The pterygoideus proprius muscle, though rare, is important to identify during infratemporal fossa surgery.
  • Understanding its anatomy may aid in managing trigeminal neuralgia and temporomandibular joint disorders.