Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
11:32

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

15.1K

[ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA BACTERIOLOGY IN CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN THREE MONTHS IN THE LAST 16 YEARS]

Miki Paker1, Elena Pichkhadze1, Dan Miron2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.

Harefuah
|November 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal acute otitis media (AOM) is often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterobacteriaceae. Following Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) introduction, Group A Streptococcus prevalence increased in infants under three months.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Context:

  • Limited data exists on the bacteriology of acute otitis media (AOM) in neonates.
  • The impact of the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) on AOM pathogens in young children is an area of ongoing research.
  • Understanding AOM etiology in neonates is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the bacteriology of AOM in children under three months post-PCV13 introduction.
  • To determine the relationship between AOM pathogens and the mode of delivery (cesarean vs. vaginal) in neonates.
  • To compare AOM bacteriology between neonates (group 1) and older children (group 2).

Summary:

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterobacteriaceae were more prevalent in neonates (group 1) compared to older children (group 2).
  • Haemophilus influenzae and Group A Streptococcus (GAS) were more common in older children (group 2).
  • PCV13 introduction correlated with an increased prevalence of GAS in neonates, while the mode of delivery showed no significant effect on AOM bacteriology.

Impact:

  • Findings suggest Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterobacteriaceae are key pathogens in neonatal AOM.
  • The study highlights an increased prevalence of GAS in neonates post-PCV13, necessitating updated treatment guidelines.
  • This research contributes vital information to the under-researched area of neonatal AOM, aiding in guideline development.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia04:32

Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Published on: June 28, 2018

11.8K
Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice15:43

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2014

22.8K

Related Concept Videos

History of Microbiology01:28

History of Microbiology

Microbiology, a scientific field dedicated to the study of microorganisms, has undergone profound development since its inception in the 17th century. Its history is marked by key discoveries and technological advancements that have shaped our understanding of life at the microscopic level and transformed medicine, agriculture, and industry.Early Foundations of MicrobiologyThe early foundations of microbiology were built on groundbreaking observations and the development of pioneering...
167
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
247
Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
738
Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
274
Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
120
Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
2.4K