Association between serum copper levels and stroke in the general population: A nationally representative study

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Serum copper is an essential trace element involved in various physiological processes.
• Elevated copper levels have been implicated in oxidative stress and inflammation, potential contributors to cerebrovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between serum copper concentrations and the prevalence of stroke in a representative sample of U.S. adults.
• To determine if higher serum copper levels correlate with an increased risk of stroke.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of data from three National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (2011-2016).
• Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were employed to assess the relationship between serum copper tertiles and stroke prevalence.
• Dose-response analysis was conducted to evaluate the linearity of the association.

Main Results:

• A total of 5,151 adults were included, with 181 (3.51%) reporting a history of stroke.
• Individuals in the highest tertile of serum copper (>19.8 µmol/l) exhibited a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for stroke (2.36; 95% CI: 1.01-5.52) compared to the lowest tertile.
• Each standard deviation increase in serum copper was associated with a 44% increased odds of stroke (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.11-1.86), indicating a positive linear association.

Conclusions:

• This cross-sectional study indicates a significant positive association between elevated serum copper levels and stroke prevalence among American adults.
• Higher serum copper may represent a potential risk factor or biomarker for stroke.