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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Coronary Circulation01:21

Coronary Circulation

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The heart, an organ critical to survival, gets nourishment not from the blood it pumps but from a separate circulation system known as coronary circulation. This is the shortest circulation in the body and is responsible for supplying the heart with the nutrients it needs to function effectively.
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Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

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The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
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Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
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Cor Triatriatum: A Review.

Katherine Kilkenny1, William Frishman1,2

  • 1From the School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.

Cardiology in Review
|November 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital heart defect where an extra chamber forms in the heart. Surgical repair offers favorable long-term outcomes for this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly.
  • It involves a fibromuscular partition within the heart's atria.
  • Prevalence is estimated at 0.1-0.4% of congenital heart disease cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of cor triatriatum.
  • To discuss diagnostic modalities and treatment strategies.
  • To highlight recent advancements in classification and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cor triatriatum.
  • Analysis of diagnostic approaches, primarily transthoracic echocardiography.
  • Evaluation of surgical treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Cor triatriatum presents with diverse clinical manifestations, often mimicking other cardiac conditions.
  • New classification systems are improving prognostic accuracy.
  • Transthoracic echocardiography is the primary diagnostic tool.
  • Surgical resection under cardiopulmonary bypass is the standard treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Cor triatriatum requires accurate diagnosis and timely surgical intervention.
  • Surgical treatment is associated with positive long-term results.
  • Ongoing research into embryological origins and classification is crucial.