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Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
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Adjunctive treatment in COVID-19 and sepsis-What did we learn?

Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis1

  • 1Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 1 Rimini Street, 124 62 Athens, Greece. egiamarel@med.uoa.gr.

Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin Und Notfallmedizin
|November 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Immunotherapy for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) offers insights for bacterial sepsis treatment. Selecting the right sepsis immunotherapy drug requires biomarkers to guide treatment based on specific mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Severe COVID-19 treatments like anakinra, baricitinib, and tocilizumab highlight immunotherapy's role.
  • This approach can be extrapolated to bacterial sepsis treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review immunotherapy for COVID-19 and its potential application to sepsis.
  • To identify key principles for effective sepsis immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • A three-step approach was used, analyzing COVID-19 immunotherapy clinical evidence.
  • Human and animal studies on phagocytosis in sepsis were reviewed.
  • Lessons from COVID-19 immunotherapy were applied to sepsis treatment.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 immunotherapy demonstrated success in viral clearance.
  • Evidence supports phagocytosis-enhancing strategies for sepsis.
  • Biomarker-guided drug selection is crucial for sepsis immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Sepsis immunotherapy should be tailored using biomarkers.
  • Biomarkers indicate specific prevailing mechanisms, enabling appropriate drug selection.
  • This personalized approach optimizes sepsis treatment outcomes.

Keywords:
BiomarkersImmunotherapyMortalitySARS-CoV-2Tocilizumab

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