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Do Postpartum Maternal Iodine Status or Supplementation Affect Thyroid Function After Delivery? A Systematic Review
Pantea Nazeri1,2, Elizabeth N Pearce3, Nahid Farrokhzad2
1Breastfeeding Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Biological Trace Element Research
|November 15, 2023
Summary
Postpartum maternal iodine status and supplementation do not impact thyroid function. This systematic review found normal thyroid hormone levels regardless of iodine intake or supplementation in mothers after delivery.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nutritional Science
- Reproductive Health
Background:
- Maternal thyroid function is crucial postpartum.
- The influence of iodine status and supplementation on postpartum thyroid health requires clarification.
Approach:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 studies.
- Analyzed maternal urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC).
- Assessed thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroxine (T4) levels.
Key Points:
- Pooled thyroid hormone levels were within normal ranges across all iodine concentration subgroups.
- No statistically significant differences in fT4 and T4 were observed between subgroups.
- Elevated TSH was noted in women with very high UIC (>200 µg/L).
Conclusions:
- Postpartum maternal iodine status, assessed by UIC and BMIC, does not significantly alter thyroid hormone levels.
- Postpartum iodine supplementation showed no association with changes in maternal thyroid parameters.
- Iodine status and supplementation appear to have no discernible effect on postpartum thyroid function.
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