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  • 1Institute of General Practice (ifam), Addiction Research and Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Health and Society (chs), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK; Institute of General Practice (ifam), Patient-Physician Communication Research Unit, Centre for Health and Society (chs), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE); Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig; IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Center for Mental Health and Addiction Research, Munich; Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Treatment, Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität München, Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Cannabinoid Research Group, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Substance Use Research
  • Cannabis Policy

Background:

  • Germany is preparing to legalize recreational cannabis for adults.
  • Baseline data on cannabis use patterns are crucial for public health planning.
  • Understanding co-use with nicotine/tobacco is important for harm reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of past-year cannabis use in Germany.
  • To identify preferred routes of cannabis administration.
  • To examine co-use of cannabis with nicotine or tobacco products.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a national survey of 9644 individuals aged 14 years and older.
  • Self-reported data on past-year cannabis consumption.
  • Assessment of preferred administration routes (smoking, consumption, etc.).

Main Results:

  • Past-year cannabis use prevalence was 4.6%, with higher rates in younger age groups (14-24 years).
  • Smoking cannabis with or without tobacco was the dominant administration method (92.4%).
  • Co-users of nicotine/tobacco products, especially waterpipe users, showed significantly higher cannabis use rates (27.0%).

Conclusions:

  • Smoking remains the primary method of cannabis consumption, particularly among youth.
  • Preventive and harm reduction strategies are essential to mitigate cannabis-related risks.
  • Ongoing monitoring is necessary to assess the impact of upcoming cannabis legalization in Germany.