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Challenges and Controversies in Peer Review: JACC Review Topic of the Week
Fred M Kusumoto1, John A Bittl2, Mark A Creager3
1Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|November 15, 2023
Summary
The medical peer-review system faces challenges from increased research and new communication methods. Maintaining rigorous peer review is vital for scientific integrity and patient care.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Scientific Publishing
- Academic Integrity
Background:
- The traditional peer-review process for medical research is under strain.
- Factors like the COVID-19 pandemic, increased publication volume, and evolving communication methods challenge the system.
- A task force by the American College of Cardiology highlighted key controversies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and discuss significant controversies within the current medical peer-review process.
- To emphasize the continued importance of peer review for scientific integrity and patient care.
Main Methods:
- A task force convened by the American College of Cardiology.
- Identification and analysis of five major controversies in peer review.
Main Results:
- Key controversies include the impact of preprints, reviewer blinding, reviewer selection, incentives, and the publication of reviewer comments.
- These issues place significant pressure on the existing peer-review infrastructure.
Conclusions:
- Peer review remains essential for ensuring the integrity of medical science.
- High-quality peer review is crucial for timely information dissemination and improving patient outcomes.
- Adapting peer review to new challenges is necessary to uphold its critical role.
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