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Related Concept Videos

Mechanical Systems01:22

Mechanical Systems

209
Mechanical systems are analogous to to electrical networks where springs and masses play similar roles to inductors and capacitors, respectively. A viscous damper in mechanical systems functions similarly to a resistor in electrical networks, dissipating energy. The forces acting on a mass in such systems include an applied force in the direction of motion, counteracted by forces from the spring, a viscous damper, and the mass's acceleration. This interplay of forces is mathematically...
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Electro-mechanical Systems01:19

Electro-mechanical Systems

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Electromechanical systems are intricate configurations that effectively combine electrical and mechanical elements to achieve a desired outcome. Central to many of these systems is the DC motor, a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion, enabling various applications ranging from simple fans to complex robotic mechanisms.
A key component of the DC motor is the armature, a rotating circuit positioned within a magnetic field. As an electric current passes through the...
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Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

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Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...
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Single Pipe Systems01:24

Single Pipe Systems

151
In pipe flow analysis, problems are typically categorized into three types — Type I, Type II, and Type III — based on the known parameters and the desired outcome. Each type of problem addresses specific engineering requirements using fluid properties, pipe characteristics, and operational conditions.
In a Type I problem, fluid properties (density and viscosity), pipe characteristics (including diameter, length, and surface roughness), and the flow rate or average velocity are...
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Laminar Flow: Problem Solving01:24

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

190
Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System
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Vision-controlled jetting for composite systems and robots.

Thomas J K Buchner1, Simon Rogler1, Stefan Weirich1

  • 1Soft Robotics Lab, D-MAVT, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Nature
|November 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vision-controlled jetting enables rapid, automated fabrication of complex, functional systems. This advanced inkjet deposition process creates high-resolution robots and structures with diverse material properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing
  • Biomimetic Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Recreating natural organisms' complex structures and functions synthetically is a key goal.
  • Traditional manufacturing methods face limitations in fabricating high-resolution, multi-material actuated systems with tunable elastic properties.
  • Automated, rapid fabrication of functional systems with integrated actuation and sensing remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel inkjet deposition process, vision-controlled jetting, for fabricating complex systems and robots.
  • To overcome limitations of traditional manufacturing in creating diverse material properties and high resolutions.
  • To enable automated, scalable, and high-throughput production of functional multimaterial systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an inkjet deposition process with a scanning system for 3D print geometry capture.
  • Implemented a digital feedback loop, eliminating the need for mechanical planarizers.
  • Employed contactless printing with continuously curing chemistries to accommodate a broad range of materials and elastic moduli.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated diverse high-resolution composite systems and robots, including tendon-driven hands, walking manipulators, and heart-mimicking pumps.
  • Demonstrated the ability to print materials with a wide range of elastic moduli.
  • Characterized material property advancements through standardized tests.

Conclusions:

  • Vision-controlled jetting offers an automated, scalable, and high-throughput solution for manufacturing complex, functional multimaterial systems.
  • The contactless, feedback-controlled process expands the possibilities for material integration and resolution in additive manufacturing.
  • This technology advances the creation of synthetic actuated systems with capabilities mirroring natural organisms.