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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

974
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
974
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

11
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
11
Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

15
Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...
15
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

21
Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
21
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

7
Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
7
Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

10
Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
10

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation
23:33

The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 28, 2012

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Atrial Fibrillation: Rate Versus Rhythm Control.

Carlos E Vargas1, Mina Bhatnagar2, Haris Ahmed3

  • 1Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX.

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine
|November 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart rhythm disorder. Management strategies include rate control for asymptomatic patients and rhythm control for those with symptoms, though mortality benefits remain unclear.

Keywords:
anti-arrhythmic drugsatrial fibrillation (AF)atrial fibrosiscatheter ablationelectrical cardioversionquality of life (QoL)rate controlrhythm control

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Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia globally, projected to impact 12 million US individuals by 2030.
  • Complications include thromboembolic events, impaired quality of life (QoL), and increased all-cause mortality.
  • Risk stratification for thromboembolism utilizes the CHA2DS2-VASc scoring system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current management strategies for atrial fibrillation.
  • To discuss the efficacy of rate and rhythm control in AF patients.
  • To highlight the importance of risk stratification and management of AF complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current medical literature and clinical guidelines on atrial fibrillation management.
  • Analysis of data comparing rate control versus rhythm control strategies.
  • Evaluation of thromboembolic risk assessment tools and their clinical application.

Main Results:

  • Rate control is a safe and effective strategy for asymptomatic AF patients.
  • Rhythm control options include antiarrhythmic drugs and catheter ablation for symptomatic patients.
  • Mortality benefits comparing rate versus rhythm control are currently equivocal based on recent studies.

Conclusions:

  • Atrial fibrillation management requires individualized treatment strategies based on patient symptoms and risk factors.
  • Effective management of AF complications, particularly thromboembolism, is crucial.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the long-term mortality benefits of different AF treatment approaches.