Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.8K

Hippocampal Volume in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Speech and Language Delay

Vikas Dhikav1, Manish Parakh2, Kajal Pandey1

  • 1Department of Health Research, Govt. of India, ICMR-NIIRNCD (Formerly Called as Desert Medicine Research Centre), Airforce Road, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
|November 16, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show significant hippocampus shrinkage. This study used MRI to find a 23% reduction in hippocampal volume in pediatric ADHD cases compared to controls.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • The hippocampus, a critical brain structure in the temporal lobe, is vital for cognitive functions.
  • Emerging evidence links hippocampal abnormalities to neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  • Children with ADHD often present with co-occurring speech and language delays, necessitating investigation into underlying neurological correlates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess hippocampal volume differences in children diagnosed with ADHD.
  • To investigate the relationship between ADHD and hippocampal volume using advanced neuroimaging techniques.
  • To compare hippocampal volumes in children with ADHD and speech/language delays against a control group with normal birth history.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain scans were acquired from 12 children (3-6 years) with ADHD and 22 age-matched controls.
  • T1-weighted oblique coronal sequences were utilized for detailed brain imaging.
  • The hippocampus was manually segmented using Image-J software for precise volume measurement in cubic millimeters (mm³).

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD exhibited significantly reduced hippocampal volumes: Right (R) 2450.2 ± 667 mm³, Left (L) 2505.8 ± 878.5 mm³.
  • The mean bilateral hippocampal volume in the ADHD group was 2478 ± 772.75 mm³.
  • Control group hippocampal volumes were substantially larger: R 3255.8 ± 1374.3 mm³, L 3159.3 ± 1451 mm³.

Conclusions:

  • This study reveals a significant hippocampal volume reduction, approximately 23%, in children with ADHD compared to neurotypical controls.
  • The findings suggest that hippocampal structural alterations may be a key neurobiological feature associated with ADHD in children.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the implications of hippocampal shrinkage for cognitive deficits and developmental trajectories in pediatric ADHD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Atrophyattention deficit hyperactivity disorderhippocampus

More Related Videos

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

15.7K
Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging12:21

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

25.3K

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
68
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
268
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
352