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High-fat diet causes endothelial dysfunction in the mouse ophthalmic artery.

Subao Jiang1, Ning Xia2, Francesco Buonfiglio1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.

Experimental Eye Research
|November 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A high-fat diet impairs ophthalmic artery function in mice, causing endothelial dysfunction. This is linked to increased oxidative stress, involving RAGE and NOX2, highlighting potential risks for eye health.

Keywords:
Endothelial dysfunctionHigh-fat diet (HFD)Lectin-like oxidized low-density-lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1)Ophthalmic artery (OA)Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • Obesity is a major health issue linked to vascular dysfunction.
  • The specific effects of obesity on ocular blood vessels are not well understood.
  • Ophthalmic artery endothelial function is crucial for eye health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a high-fat diet causes endothelial dysfunction in the mouse ophthalmic artery.
  • To explore the role of oxidative stress and specific molecular pathways in diet-induced vascular changes.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks.
  • Ophthalmic artery reactivity was tested in vitro.
  • Oxidative stress (ROS), gene expression (NOX2), and protein levels (NOX2, RAGE, LOX-1) were measured.

Main Results:

  • High-fat diet mice showed impaired vasodilation to acetylcholine but normal response to nitroprusside.
  • Increased oxidative stress (ROS) and NOX2 gene expression were observed in the ophthalmic artery.
  • Expression of NOX2 and RAGE proteins was elevated, while LOX-1 remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • High-fat diet-induced obesity leads to endothelial dysfunction in the ophthalmic artery.
  • Oxidative stress, mediated by RAGE and NOX2, plays a key role in this dysfunction.
  • These findings suggest a potential mechanism linking obesity to ocular vascular complications.