Free water alterations in different inflammatory subgroups in schizophrenia
Dongsheng Wu1, Qi Wu2, Fei Li3
1Department of Radiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
|November 16, 2023
Summary
Schizophrenia patients show distinct inflammatory subgroups. Free water imaging reveals localized white matter changes in these subgroups, suggesting potential for personalized treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Inflammatory dysregulation in blood and brain is linked to schizophrenia pathogenesis.
- Peripheral cytokine alterations may define distinct inflammatory subgroups within schizophrenia.
- In vivo free-water imaging shows increased white matter free water in schizophrenia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate free water alterations in different inflammatory subgroups of schizophrenia patients.
- To explore the relationship between peripheral cytokine levels and white matter free water.
- To assess the potential of free water as a neuroimaging biomarker for personalized schizophrenia treatment.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 44 schizophrenia patients and 49 controls.
- Measured serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12p70 for cluster analysis.
- Acquired diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess free water and fractional anisotropy (FA-t).
- Used voxel-wise analysis and partial correlation to examine cytokine-free water associations.
Main Results:
- Identified two distinct inflammatory subgroups based on cytokine profiles.
- Significant differences in IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-12p70 levels were found between subgroups.
- The higher IL-1β subgroup exhibited increased white matter free water in specific regions (internal capsule, corona radiata, sagittal stratum).
- Peripheral IL-1β levels correlated with white matter free water in the lower IL-1β subgroup.
Conclusions:
- Localized free water differences exist between schizophrenia inflammatory subgroups.
- Free water imaging is a feasible biomarker for guiding targeted inflammatory interventions.
- This approach may facilitate the development of individualized therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia.
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